By Ghulam Haider Shaikh
Pakistan’s decision to reopen the Torkham border strictly for the repatriation of undocumented Afghan nationals, marks a critical point in its ongoing struggle to balance humanitarian obligations with national security imperatives. After twenty days of closure, the border now serves as a one-way passage for Afghan refugees returning to their homeland. Yet, trade and routine cross-border movement remain suspended, reflecting the fragile state of bilateral trust and the complexity of Pakistan’s security and economic concerns.
For over four decades, Pakistan has shouldered an immense humanitarian burden, hosting millions of Afghan refugees who fled war and instability. The recent policy shift toward the repatriation of undocumented Afghans was not taken lightly; it stems from legitimate security and economic pressures that the state can no longer ignore. Infiltration, cross-border militancy, and the smuggling of goods have all contributed to a deteriorating security environment, particularly in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, where local communities have borne the brunt of both terrorism and economic disruption.
While the decision aligns with Pakistan’s right to regulate its borders and protect its citizens, it must also be executed with compassion and in accordance with international humanitarian norms. The thousands of Afghans being processed at Torkham are human beings caught in the crossfire of geopolitics, many of whom have known no other home than Pakistan. Ensuring their safe and dignified repatriation must remain a top priority, with close coordination between the governments in Islamabad and Kabul, as well as humanitarian agencies.
Equally concerning is the continued suspension of trade and cargo movement through Torkham. The closure has strained local economies, disrupted supply chains, and deepened mistrust between the two countries. If sustained for long, it could undermine the fragile prospects of regional economic integration that Pakistan has been advocating for through initiatives such as the CASA-1000 and the Central Asia–South Asia connectivity projects.
In the days ahead, Pakistan must pursue a dual strategy: tightening its border controls to prevent infiltration, while maintaining a humanitarian channel for legitimate crossings and trade. The reopening of Torkham, even under limited conditions, should be seen as an opportunity to reset the framework of border cooperation with Afghanistan, one based on mutual respect, shared responsibility, and peace, rather than suspicion and unilateral actions.
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